Universal Basic Income (UBI)
The concept of Universal Basic Income (UBI) may seem like a modern invention, but its roots stretch back to 1795. At that time, Thomas Paine proposed a “national fund” to pay every adult—rich and poor alike—the sum of £10 annually until the age of 50. Paine argued that the Earth is common property; therefore, anyone "dispossessed by the system of property ownership" is entitled to compensation. This historical perspective is echoed by Dr. Neil Howard, a researcher at the University of Bath. Howard suggests that UBI provides a necessary safety net, agreeing with Paine that the redistribution of privatized resources is inherently just. “The wealth of humanity belongs to all of us,” Howard argues. “It has been appropriated by the few, which leads others to struggle unnecessarily.” In his essay Agrarian Justice, Paine outlined concrete reforms to abolish poverty, including a "Universal Social Insurance System" (USIS) that provided old-age pensions and disability suppor...