July: 7th Lunar Month

I recently learned from a friend that in Vietnam that the 7th lunar month (Tháng Bảy) carries deep spiritual significance and unique cultural customs. This tradition is rooted in Buddhism and originates from the legend of Maudgalyayana (Mục Kiền Liên), a disciple of the Buddha who performed acts of merit to save his mother’s soul from hell. Upon discovering that his mother, Thanh Đề, had been reborn as a preta (hungry ghost), he brought a bowl of rice to the underworld to feed her. However, driven by her intense hunger, his mother covered the bowl with one hand while using the other hand to prevent other ghosts from stealing her food.

Because of this legend, the period is equally known as Ghost Month (Tháng Cô Hồn). According to traditional beliefs, the King of the Underworld opens the gates of hell during this time, allowing spirits to visit the earthly realm. While many return to their families, spirits without living descendants are left to roam the living world, lost and hungry. To soothe these wandering souls and prevent them from causing misfortune, families prepare outdoor feasts featuring offerings of porridge, rice, fruit, and candy.

Beyond offering food, many Vietnamese families observe strict taboos during this month to avoid drawing the attention of restless spirits. It is common to postpone major life events—such as launching a new business, getting married, buying a home, or purchasing a car. Even non-urgent major surgeries are often delayed until the month passes. While these precautions may seem overly superstitious, they stem from a long-standing fear of attracting bad luck or having lingering spirits drag them into hell.

Ultimately, the 7th lunar month is centered on compassion and kindness toward forgotten souls. Concurrently celebrated as the Vu Lan Festival, it serves as a powerful annual reminder to honor one's parents and ancestors, urging children to express gratitude for the sacrifices of previous generations.